Flat Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful

Level Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful Level Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful Level Adverbs Are Flat-Out Useful By Mark Nichol An intensifier is a word that changes an action word or another verb modifier, or maybe a descriptor or perhaps even a proviso or a whole sentence. How adaptable! In any case, there’s more to this grammatical form: It can in some cases shed the about omnipresent - ly finishing and, however it along these lines has all the earmarks of being a descriptive word, holds its verb-modifying capacity. The most infamous case of this change was the 1997 Apple Computer advertisement battle that encouraged individuals to â€Å"Think different.† Oh, the mayhem from tense grammarians! (Followed by a calmer â€Å"Get over it† from ahem increasingly receptive eyewitnesses.) Not just has distinctive been confirmed in word intensifying use for a long time, yet numerous other comparative terms are a piece of the language (and they used to be considerably more typical than they are currently). Some level qualifiers have no typical word intensifying structure (that is, one completion in - ly): Straight is one model. Others have an ordinary structure, however the two structures have particular implications (â€Å"Jump high,† yet â€Å"I have a favorable opinion of her†). Still others are compatible. (â€Å"Hold on tight† and â€Å"Hold on tightly† mean something very similar.) Here are some other level verb modifiers; note how they’re frequently reasonable for brief basic sentences (those in which the essayist is giving a course or an order): 1. Brilliant: This word is exchangeable with splendidly in sentences, for example, â€Å"The stars sparkle so splendid on moonless nights.† 2. Clean: This use is particular from the - ly structure: The informal articulation â€Å"Come clean† doesn’t have a similar sense as the strict expression â€Å"Come neatly shaved.† 3. Close: The level structure and the ordinary structure have related yet various implications: â€Å"Keep close,† yet â€Å"Keep firmly exhibited in formation.† 4. Profound: This term can be exchangeable with the - ly structure (â€Å"Breathe deep† and â€Å"Breathe deeply† are indistinguishable in significance), however it additionally has an unmistakable informal utilization: â€Å"Go deep.† 5. Far: This level verb modifier has no - ly structure: â€Å"You will go far in life.† 6. Quick: Fast is another level verb modifier with no typical proportionate: â€Å"Run fast.† 7. Level: The level and typical faculties of this term are comparable however particular: â€Å"I was turned down flat,† yet â€Å"I was straight refused.† 8. Hard: Hard and its - ly structure are profoundly particular in importance: â€Å"I hit it hard† is nearly something contrary to â€Å"I scarcely hit it.† 9. Kind: Kind and generously have marginally various jobs: â€Å"Be kind,† however â€Å"Think benevolent of her.† 10. Fast: This level intensifier is tradable with its ordinary identical: â€Å"Come quick† and â€Å"Come quickly† mean something very similar. 11. Right: Right and properly have various faculties: â€Å"Do right,† â€Å"Stay right there,† or â€Å"He pointed right for the target,† yet â€Å"You are appropriately upset.† 12. Sharp: Sharp and its ordinary structure are tradable (â€Å"Dress sharp,† or â€Å"Dress sharply†), however there’s likewise a particular level structure meaning: â€Å"Show up at eight o’clock sharp.† 13. Slow: Slow and gradually are tradable: â€Å"Drive slow† and â€Å"Drive slowly† mean something very similar. 14. Before long: This level verb modifier has no - ly proportional: â€Å"Come again soon.† 15. Extreme: This intensifier is additionally without a typical variant: â€Å"Hang tough.† Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Grammar classification, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:12 Types of LanguageSelect versus Selected3 Types of Essays Are Models for Professional Writing Forms

Value of Education Free Essays

Smarthinking’s E-structor Response Form (Your increased article is beneath this structure. ) HOW THIS WORKS: Your e-structor has composed outline remarks about your article in the structure underneath. Your e-structor has likewise installed remarks [in striking and in brackets] all through your article. We will compose a custom exposition test on Estimation of Education or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Much thanks to you for picking Smarthinking’s OWL; all the best with changing your paper! *Strengths of the article: Hello Angelia, and welcome! This is Nicole V. , and I will be your coach for this paper. You have an extremely fascinating subject about curfews. I saw that you began your article by legitimately introducing the current subject: Curfews don't help keep youngsters in the clear. They will in general despite everything do what they need. A time limit can in some cases be a weakness if the young person is running behind or late, it can squeeze them. Through this, your perusers will know immediately what your paper is about. Great job! Presently, let’s proceed onward to your corrections. Principle Idea/Thesis: Angelia, let’s chip away at improving your postulation proclamation first. A fundamental thought or proposal proclamation is the point you are attempting to make in your exposition. This ought to consistently be available in light of the fact that your primary thought will fill in as the subject wherein you will expound on. You composed: This doesn't prevent them from doing things they shouldn't do. They simply accelerate and do it or settle on hash choices under tension from peers. You couldn't present a reasonable postulation, Angelia. Recall that you are composing a pugnacious paper. In this way, your postulation proclamation should introduce a solid situation in an issue and protect that contention with reasons. For instance: â€Å"Minors ought not be permitted to drink alcohol until they are 18 [argument] on the grounds that (reason 1), (reason 2) and (reason 3) [supporting points]. † You’ll notice that in the initial segment of the proposal explanation, I introduced an unmistakable contention and a short time later gave supporting focuses, or reasons, why I remain by this contention. In this manner, what is your contention in this issue of giving adolescents a time limitation? What is the message you are attempting to get across to your perusers? How might you guard your situation on the issue? Concocting an unmistakable postulation will enable your perusers to comprehend the reason and the principle thought of your exposition, Angelia. To assist you with this, you can allude to this exercise in the Smarthinking Writer’s Handbook on Thesis Development. Association: Angelia, association is significant in light of the fact that this is the place you orchestrate the progression of your thoughts. In the event that your association is acceptable, this permits the perusers to comprehend your article better. The framework depends on how you introduced your theory explanation, Angelia. Be that as it may, in light of the fact that you couldn't present an unmistakable contention, you couldn't guard your explanations behind contention well through legitimate association. Presently, for instance, in view of the theory I introduced above: â€Å"Minors ought not be permitted to drink alcohol until they are 18 since (reason 1), (reason 2) and (reason 3). † Therefore, Angelia, the body sections ought to be orchestrated so that I can examine every conversation point, as introduced in my proposition proclamation, independently: I. Presentation II. Reason 1 III. Reason 2 IV. Reason 3 V. End Providing a layout will assist you with composing your sections in accordance with your general theme, and assigning one passage to talk about each point will permit you to compose your answers with fixation. Presently, in view of the model given, how might you apply this procedure of shaping a layout to your exposition, in light of your own proposal? To assist you with this, you can allude to this exercise in the Smarthinking Writer’s Handbook on Arguing a Position. Angelia 5443747 has mentioned that you react to the Transitions: Angelia, one approach to set up a decent progression of thoughts in your article is to utilize change words. Change words resemble gadgets that interface thoughts and sentences to build up an association. For instance, rather than saying â€Å"I don’t like Chinese food. I like Japanese. † you can say: â€Å"I don’t like Chinese food. Be that as it may, I like Japanese. † Doesn’t that sound much better? For instance, you may utilize a change gadget to progress to this section: Curfews are made to guarantee the whereabouts of the kid. They are made for their insurance. Curfews can help keep them safe and furthermore spare their life. It will keep them off the boulevards at the entire hours of the night. They will assist you with growing up with esteems and regard that will take you far throughout everyday life. Here are a couple of progress words and expressions that may be useful to improve your changes: * When demonstrating extra thoughts: and, additionally, moreover, besides * When giving models: for instance, for example, explicitly * When looking at: additionally, in like manner, correspondingly When differentiating: in any case, then again, yet, in spite of the fact that * When summing up or finishing up: in this manner, as such * When demonstrating the time: after, previously, during, next, at long last, in the mean time, quickly * When demonstrating the spot or bearing: above, underneath, close by, close, far, left, right * When showing sensible connections: hence, therefore, accordingly, in this way, sinc e, in light of the fact that Based on these example change words I gave, by what method can you currently apply these to improve your paper? You can utilize these to progress starting with one thought then onto the next, just as between passages. Use it astutely; good karma, Angelia! *Angelia 5443747 has mentioned that you react to the Word Choice: Angelia, I will skip remarking on this zone first since the present moment, there are increasingly significant regions you have to concentrate on. When you’ve dealt with those, you can resubmit your exposition to us at Smarthinking and we’ll readily help you with the rest. Synopsis of Next Steps: Our meeting closes here, Angelia. To ensure you make the best out of your paper, here is a recap of things you have to chip away at: * Develop a pugnacious proposition proclamation. * Organize your article dependent on the supporting purposes of your contention. Improve your sentence/passage advances with the utilization of change gadgets. I trust my proposals work well for you in your update. Don’t dither to send us your papers and updates as we are consistently happy to be of help. All the best! ~Nicole V. Discover extra assets in Smarthinking’s online library : You can discover more data about composition, language, and use in Smarthinking’s understudy handbooks. You can visit the Smarthinking Writer’s Handbook or the Smarthinking ESOL (English for speakers of different dialects) Writer’s Handbook. ************************************************************************ Please search for additional remarks in your exposition underneath. Much obliged to you for visiting Smarthinking. We urge you to submit future papers. *************************************************************************Angelia Nash Professor Smith Eng1123 003 07 Jan 2013 DO CURFEWS KEEP TEENS OUT OF TROUBLE Curfews don't help keep adolescents in the clear. They will in general despite everything do what they need. A check in time can here and there be a hindrance if the youngster is running behind or late, it can squeeze them. This doesn't prevent them from doing things they shouldn't do. They simply accelerate and do it or settle on hash choices under tension from peers. [Don’t neglect to introduce your postulation, Angelia. The proposal is significant as it presents your contention and the key focuses in which you will shield it. ] Teenagers with curfews despite everything smoke, drink, play hooky and have unprotected sex. Then again a few guardians put stock in curfews since it will eliminate the difficulty they can get into on the off chance that they are home by the time limitation time. Curfews don't diminish wrongdoing. A large portion of the violations that are submitted are done when they break time limitation. The motivation behind curfews is to keep them safe and at home by an average time. Youngsters that don't make some specific memories to be home have much more opportunity and fun than ought to be permitted by guardians. It's anything but a shrewd choice for a young person to proceed to come however they see fit. They have no duty or work ethnics and nothing to take a stab at. They have no limits set for them, which is required, nor figuring out how to be beneficial grown-ups. In the event that a teenager gets the chance to do however they see fit, job of the grown-up is played by the high schooler not the parent. You utilized the comma appropriately to introduce the early on component in this sentence, Angelia. Watching legitimate accentuation helps upgrade the coherence of your paper. Keep it up. ] They will at long last become extremely ill bred in light of the fact that they have not bee n instructed. They won't be utilized to power from the alleged parent. Curfews are made to guarantee the whereabouts of the kid. They are made for their security. Curfews can help keep them safe and furthermore spare their life. It will keep them off the lanes at the entire hours of the night. They will assist you with growing up with alues and regard that will take you far throughout everyday life. A check in time is an essential piece of a youngster growing up with ethics. They should have the option to get eight hours of rest around evening time. This won't occur in the event that they don't have a cutoff point. An absence of rest prompts terrible evaluations, ghastly perspectives, loosen on exercises and discourteous towards those in the position to instruct the youngster. [You can build up your decision further, Angelia. The determination is an opportunity for you to recap the significant purposes of your exposition. Your proposal articulation ought to likewise be strengthened here, to viably wrap your conversation up. ] Step by step instructions to refer to Value of Education, Essay models

Blog Archive Northwestern University (Kellogg) Essay Analysis, 20142015

Blog Archive Northwestern University (Kellogg) Essay Analysis, 2014â€"2015 *Please note: You are viewing an essay analysis from the 2014-2015 admissions cycle.  Click here to view our collection of essay analyses for the current admissions season.   The Kellogg School of Management is going positively retro with its rather robust application components this admissions season, requiring two written essays and two video essays. The school seems to actually want to get to know the people who will represent its brand for the next 60 years. Kudos to Kellogg! In addition to its essay prompts, Kellogg includes a few short-answer questions in its applicationâ€"and we mean short, as in just 150â€"250 characters. We feel we should start our discussion of these questions with a quick focus on character count, because this is a key issue. How much space is 250 characters? How much is 150? Speaking approximately, of course, 250 characters is equal to about four short sentences and 150 to about three. In fact, Kellogg’s four short-answer questions themselves total 216 characters, with the first three accounting for 154, so that should give you a general sense of the space constraints. Still, you do not need to resort to using caveman langua ge to reduce character count: “Me want to be management consultant. Me good problem solver.” Carefully consider your answers, respect the space limitations, and be sure to express yourself clearly, thoughtfully, and thoroughly. Our analysis follows… For 2014â€"2015, the following two essays are required of all applicants: Essay 1: Resilience. Perseverance. Grit. Call it what you will…. Challenges can build character. Describe a challenging experience you’ve had. How were you tested? What did you learn? (450 words) Although this is a rather straightforward prompt, executing a response to it could, well, challenge you. Why? Well, most people do not like to admit when they have been knocked down or (heaven forbid!) made mistakes. But Kellogg wants to know that you are a real personâ€"that you have some hard-won victories under your belt and have had to struggle to some degree to get to where you are today. If you have simply been coasting along or have had no cause to develop any coping mechanisms, we can probably pretty safely say that you are not Kellogg material. An excellent essay will start by showing some very positive momentum toward your goal and then really derail the readerâ€"having the bottom drop out at some point in your narrative (likely in the second or third paragraph) is best. With this approach, your admissions reader will essentially experience for himself (or herself) your reversal of fortune or the seemingly insurmountable obstacle you unexpectedly encountered, only to find (in your next paragraph) that you were ultimately successful in surmounting that obstacle or, in failing to do so, learned some profound lessons. Kellogg’s admissions committee asks very directly, “What did you learn?” Given the limited word count and your need to convey a full narrative to create an effective essay, you will have only a few sentences in which to respond to this question. Do not skip this portion in favor of including more detail in your storyâ€"this is an important piece of information the school is seeking. Similarly, do not just reiterate what is expressed in the question: “I learned the importance of perseverance.” Skip the platitudes, avoid repetition, and push yourself to express what you actually took away from the experience. Essay 2: Leadership requires an ability to collaborate with and motivate others. Describe a professional experience that required you to influence people. What did this experience teach you about working with others, and how will it make you a better leader? (450 words) Even though the Kellogg admissions committee does not ask about a challenge in this second essay prompt, you will still need to reveal one. After all, if everyone in the story you choose to share quickly and blindly followed your lead, were you really collaborating with or motivating anyone? No, in this case, you need to demonstrate that the impact you had as a leader was  earned  via your choices and behavior, revealing a clear cause-and-effect connection between the actions you took to motivate and the subsequent reactions from those who were motivated. An important note: you do not need to reveal yourself as a particularly vocal leader, prone to fiery invectives or inspirational charges. Influence can be both exerted and revealed in subtle ways. You may have used a kind word or your sense of humor to engage others; you may have created a team dynamic through mutual goal-setting and shared rewards. There is no “right” path for you to have taken. What is important is that you show  how  you influenced others and achieved your objectives, while learning about your own profound (there is that word again!) leadership skills. Certain applicants will respond to additional questions: Re-applicants:  Since your previous application, what steps have you taken to strengthen your candidacy? (250-word limit) Whether you have improved your academic record, received a promotion, begun a new and exciting project, increased your community involvement, or taken on some sort of personal challenge, the key to success with this essay is conveying a very deliberate path of achievement. Kellogg wants to know that you have been actively striving to improve yourself and your profile, and that you have seized opportunities during the previous year to do so, because a Kellogg MBA is vital to you. The responses to this essay question will vary greatly from one candidate to the next, because each person’s needs and experiences differ. We are more than happy to provide one-on-one assistance with this highly personal essay to ensure that your efforts over the past year are presented in the best light possible. All applicants have the opportunity to provide explanations or clarification in  Additional Information: If needed, use this section to briefly describe any extenuating circumstances (e.g., unexplained gaps in work experience, choice of recommenders, inconsistent or questionable academic performance, etc.) (no word count) However tempted you might be, this is not the place to paste in a strong essay from another school or to offer a few anecdotes that you were unable to use in any of your other essays. Instead, this is your opportunity, if needed, to address any lingering questions that an admissions officer may have about your candidacy, such as a poor grade or overall GPA, a low GMAT score, a gap in your work experience, etc. In our  mbaMission Optional Statement Guide, we offer detailed advice on when and how to take advantage of the optional essay, with multiple examples, to help you mitigate any problem areas in your profile. The Video Essays provide applicants with an additional opportunity to demonstrate what they will bring to our vibrant Kellogg communityâ€"in an interactive way. Each applicant will complete two short video essay questions. The questions are designed to bring to life the person we have learned about on paper. After submitting a completed application, each applicant will be asked to complete two Video Essay Questions. One will be about the candidate’s interest in Kellogg and the other will be a “getting to know you” type of question. There are 10 practice questions which candidates can complete as many times as they like to get comfortable with the format and technology. The practice questions and experience will simulate the actual video essay experience, so this is meant to be a useful tool and help applicants feel prepared. There is not an opportunity to re-do the answer to the official video essay questions. We encourage applicants to practice so they are comfortable with the format once it is time to complete the official questions. Candidates will have 20 seconds to think about their question and up to 1 minute to give their response. We estimate the Video Essays will take 30 minutes to completeâ€"which includes time for set-up and answering all the practice questions. So, for its video essays, Kellogg has two questions for you: one about Kellogg and one about you. How do you prepare? With respect to your interest in Kellogg, you need to truly understand why you are choosing this specific program for your MBA. By that, we do not mean that you should create and memorize a laundry list of reasons. Instead, you must have a comprehensive understanding of the resources the school offers and be able to clearly and concisely express which ones are of particular importance and significance to youâ€"and why. Then, when you are recording your video response, you will need to convey this information in a way that is sincere and compelling. That will not happen if you are listing a few facts you have simply committed to memory! Kellogg’s “get to know you” question will be about a topic you know very wellâ€"you! So, as we often advise candidates, do not try to anticipate what the school will ask or guess what it wants to hear and skew your response to match. Be sure to answer the question honestly and authentically, and use this “live” opportunity to show the admissions committee your personality and character. One minute is not very long, so you should definitely run through several mock interviews, even if they are just in front of a mirror, to get a sense of how quickly those 60 seconds will pass when you are later in front of the camera. Marshall McLuhan famously stated, “The medium is the message.” We can skip the philosophical debate about the validity of “McLuhanism” in our essay analysis, but in our opinion, being calm, confident, and sincere is a very important part of this battle. Whether you are answering the school-specific question or the “get to know you” query, simply relax and strive to share your thoughts in a way that does not seem rehearsedâ€"absolutely do not try to use notes that you have hidden somewhere. Be yourself, and if you need help finding that comfort zone, we can provide assistance with mock interviews. Short-Answer Questions: What has been your most significant career accomplishment? 250 characters Even in just four sentences, you can show that your accomplishment was hard won. Rather than simply stating a fact, such as “I won an award for an innovative marketing program, which has attracted a new demographic to our firm,” try revealing a bit of the story’s arc: “During an advertising spending freeze, I created a commercial in house at no cost. It went viral, attracting a new demographic and earning me an award.” The challenge is what makes the accomplishment meaningful! What is your desired position after Kellogg? 150 characters Again, avoid going caveman! You should be able to answer this question fully yet concisely, showing that you understand both the position itself and why it interests you. You cannot be vague and just write, “I want to be a banker after I graduate.” You must provide some detail that illustrates that you are informed about your options and have critically evaluated them. A statement such as “My background in mining will give me unique context to join a natural resources group at a boutique firm like Evercore” will be much more convincing and effective. What is your long-term career goal after Kellogg? 150 characters The goal you present for this question must relate clearly and reasonably to the one in your previous answer. You do not need to show that you are on a fixed and narrow track, however, only that your choices are related in a sensible and achievable way. For example, using the example we offered for the previous question, the aspiring banker does not need to say that he will ultimately become a managing director at a bank. He could say that he wants to return to mining as a CEO or start his own advisory services firm or… the options are practically limitless. Again, your long-term aspiration just needs to make sense in the context of your stated short-term goal. So, while the transition from banking to advisory services is a logical one, a transition from banking to being a brand manager at Kellogg’s or General Mills would not, so claiming such a trajectory would likely reveal you to be uninformed or unreasonable in your expectations. What drives your interest in these short- and long-term goals? 250 characters Here, Kellogg wants to know the context for your career goals, to be sure that you have the professional skills and interest to succeed in your desired positions. You can transition in your careerâ€"many do!â€"but to convince the school that you are capable of doing so, you must explain your plans and demonstrate that you have the necessary foundation to achieve and flourish in your desired positions. Share ThisTweet 2014-2015 MBA Essay Analysis Northwestern University (Kellogg)

Modes of enquiry - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4285 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Task 1 A. Methods of enquiry The following discussions will cover the means on which information is retrieved, construed and consequently interpreted in the modern organisation. For this study, three types of enquiry are taken into consideration. Specifically, the modes of enquiry like analytic-deductive, systems thinking and inductive-consensual are to be discussed. The discussions are to be based on the existing organisational literature. Analytic-Deductive The rational model of inquiry is used in the process of analytic-deductive model. In the simplest sense, this model rests on the assumption that every problem involving the human condition is addressed such that it fits in a formula. This assumption also implies that there is a specific formula that applies in every specific situation. (Linstone and Mitroff, 1995, 43) In a sense, this mode recognises that there is a single truth that could apply provided in every type of problem. Based on that definition alone, it appears that this mode evidently follows a particular pattern in the process of enquiry. Hence, one could surmise that this mode is rather mechanical and even unyielding. At some degree, the lack of flexibility or even the chance to change directions in the last minute is out of the question. This is the weakness of this mode. It presupposes that the every enquiry goes through a particular process and that it also presupposes that every process fits that particular situatio n. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Modes of enquiry" essay for you Create order Another area on which this mode shows some shortcomings is the fact that it does not consider all aspect of the information. It disregards those which do not fit the problem. Logical consistency of the data acquired with the needed information is one of the indispensible elements required in the process. (Linstone and Mitroff, 1995, 45) To put it in plain words, the process has the tendency to treat problems as puzzles to be resolved. This means that every problem is solved as there are only missing pieces required to fill in every situation. Every situation is ready to be dismantled and remade to rectify any of the perceived problems that organisations come across. In looking at the discussions above, it appears that this mode of enquiry uses a simple process which could be beneficial in some respect and adverse in others. Systems thinking The Systems thinking enables the decision-maker to be involved in all disciplines and context to come up with the most appropriate actions, solutions or conclusions. In addition, this mode of enquiry enables the management of the decision-maker to choose what he or she thinks would be the most effective and appropriate enquiry system to utilize for a certain issue. In addition, the decision-maker is not restricted to constraints to a certain idea; rather, he or she can provide infinite factors and issues about the given data. In line with the use of internet, the unbounded system thinking is useful since the internet itself offers different challenges and conception which must be given enough consideration to have a successful outcome. One of the consequences of using this approach is that the decision-maker may use factors which may be irrelevant to the issue given. In this manner, problems in having more conflicting issues may provide difficulties for the decision maker to efficiently decide on the problem or issues. In addition, with too many options developed with this system, the decision-maker will not be able to critically analyze each which may affect the decision to be made. Inductive-consensual The inductive-consensual system is defined by the process of deducing a general conclusion from the collection o data acquired or accessed by the organisation. (Linstone and Mitroff, 1995, 35) Like the first mode of enquiry discussed in this paper, the inductive-consensual model is one of the simplest types of enquiry models of enquiry. This is because there is an inherent assumption that the answers to issues are based on these acquired data. The Delphi model indicated in organisational literature is possibly one of the best examples of this mode of enquiry. In these types of models, the processes involve knowing the specific problem and consequently arrive at a perspective that will bestow to the organisation a single final solution. IS strategic planning Using Systems thinking Systems Thinking is therefore a way of positioning yourself relative to an organisational or systems issue. People who use systems thinking keep one eye on the big picture and one eye on the detail. They recognise how structures in one part of the system can impact on other parts, and they understand the longer term patterns of behaviour that lead to events and crises. Systems Thinking uses tools such as causal loop diagrams and graphs over time to analyse and describe problems and ways of making improvements. It is supported by System Dynamics modelling that enables the development of a computer simulation model that is able to test alternative policies and future scenarios. System Dynamics modelling provides an environment in which feedback and delays that underpin system behaviour are brought into play with a focus on a particular issue. It combines, hard quantitative data derived from analysis of the system under investigation with other more qualitative information. It aggregates this into a high level strategic model designed specifically to explore policy options and future scenarios that relate to the issue under investigation. Systems thinking and the use of system dynamic modeling is an essential tool for strategic planners and commissioners working in complex systems. It enables strong analytical competences within an organisation to be harnessed in a way that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾makes senseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ to policy makers. It engages these policy makers alongside other stakeholders in a partnership that defines, explores and makes decisions based on their insights. Such decisions are underpinned by good quantitative analysis, but rely equally on st akeholder engagement and an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾intelligentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ use of this analysis. Strategic planning can easily get a bad reputation amongst those who have had a poorly handled experience with it, with such pitfalls as: Getting bogged down in intellectual debates of conflicting terminology and models. Seeing it as a linear process, requiring perfection at every step before proceeding. Ending up with SPOTS (Strategic Plan On The Shelf) a wasteful, academic exercise. Plans are nothing. Planning is everything. Systems thinking offer an approach that avoids these pitfalls and makes strategic planning what it should be a crucial, iterative and adaptive process, helping us judge journeys that are prone to success, not failure. A Systems Thinking model for Strategic Planning Even the most complex systems can be understood using a simple building-block model of Output, Feedback-Loop, Input, Throughputs and Environment. When applied to Strategic Planning in its skeletal form: Task 2 Multinational corporations (MNCs) are businesses that have operations in more than one country. The energy business, BP, operates in more than 100 countries. Corporations that control assets in more than one country are also known as transnational corporations (TNCs). Some MNCs control more money than some governments. Exxon Mobil, the parent of Esso, Mobil and Exxon Mobil companies around the world, is the biggest MNC. Macro level: the most important changes taking place in the macro environment can be summarized in the so-called PEST analysis: PEST analysis stands for Political, Economic, Social, and Technological analysis and describes a framework of macro environmental factors used in environmental scanning. P Political and legal factors E Economic factors S Socio-cultural factors T Technological factors. Can be used as a basis for the analysis of business and environmental PEST analysis is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations. Political Factors Include government regulations and legal issues, define both formal and informal rules under which the firm must operate. Some examples include: Tax policy Employment laws Environmental regulations Trade restrictions and tariffs Political stability Economic factors Economic factors affect the purchasing power of potential customers and the firms cost of capital. The following are examples of factors in the macro economy: Economic growth Interest rates Exchange rates Inflation rate Social Factors Include the demographic and cultural aspects of the external macro environment. These factors affect customer needs. Some social factors include: Health consciousness Population growth rate Age distribution Career attitudes Emphasis on safety Technological factors Technological factors can lower barriers to entry, reduce minimum efficient production levels, and influence outsourcing decisions. Some technological factors include: Research Development activity Automation Technology incentives Rate of technological change During the past 20 years,a newand fundamentally different form of international commercial activity has developed, greatly increasing worldwide economic and political interdependence. Very few countries remain isolated in the world of business; rather than merely buying resources fromand selling goods to foreign nations, multinational companies (MNCs) now make direct investment in fully integrated operations that cover the spectrum of goods and services. Today, MNC networks control a large and growing share of the worlds technology, marketing and productive resources. Rates of economic growth fluctuate over time and across the globe. While growth is undoubtedly cyclical, the indications are that the developed economies are unlikely to see again the rate of growth experienced in the first decades after the Second World War. The state of national and international economies affects businesses directly in a number of ways; for example, it affects interest rates and hence the cost of borrowing. In times of slow economic growth governments, or their central banks, tend to reduce interest rates to make borrowing cheaper and hence stimulate spending. When economic growth is rapid, concerns for growing inflation, or economic overheating, lead to increased interest rates to dampen demand. Interest rates have a number of effects in addition to directly raising or lowering the cost of borrowing. In particular they have a psychological effect on the confidence of consumers and businesses, affecting purchasing decisions beyond purely rational, or economic, judgement. Company investment decisions are often delayed in times of relatively high interest rates and that can then have an obvious knock-on effect on suppliers further down the supply chain. Consumers too may delay purchases, especially where they are to be made using loans that are increasingly expensive. The housing market, for example, is particularly vulnerable to interest rate changes. Perhaps one of the most obvious ways in which the political and economic environment affects demand is through the fiscal, or taxation, policy of the regime that is in power. Where taxation rates are high they result in low disposable incomes, which can depress demand. Low taxation tends to be a spur to growth. But there are two main types of taxes and their effects may be different. Direct taxation taxes income and hence affects the overall disposable income available for purchases. Indirect taxation, on the other hand, taxes purchases and may, through its selective application, shift demand from one area to another. Employment and unemployment rates also follow economic and business cycles. In times of economic slowdown firms may find their order books less full and hence be forced to pursue efficiency gains through downsizing. IS Strategy Information System Strategy provides students with an understanding of the contemporary technological and organizational issues involved in the management of information technology resources at a strategic level. The role of information systems in providing competitive advantage and the frequent need for business re-engineering that accompanies adoption of new technology are discussed. Strategic IT planning and the evaluation process to ensure proper alignment of technology to business goals are also explained. Global IT issues are also considered. The segment looks at how IT may be used to give firms a competitive advantage. Students learn how to link IT applications with business strategies within an organisation and to identify strategic business opportunities that IT can help create. Different models of competition, such as the extended rivalry model, generic strategies model and value chain model, are examined. Information technology can be used to enable business process reengineering, a powerful management technique characterised by critical scrutiny of business processes followed by their redesign. The different types of business process reengineering projects are discussed. Students learn how to apply the process and evaluate the impact of information technology on business process reengineering in organisations. Strategic planning within an organization must involve information technology planning, to align the overall business plan of the firm. Students explore ways in which IT enables a firm to fulfil its strategic objectives and some of the challenges faced by organisations while conducting IT planning. Commonlyused approaches the critical success factors approach, contingency approach and business systems planning approach are reviewed, along with best practices in IT planning. The segment describes ways in which you can assess the costs and benefits of IT deployment, at the economy level and at the level of the firm. Economic evaluation techniques are explained, as are complementary evaluation methods to examine IT performance. Service level agreement monitoring and the user satisfaction measurement are among the methods covered. Students are introduced to some of the challenges relating to the management and deployment of IT on a global scale. A global information systems strategy can help organisations improve business coordination of worldwide activities and exploit supply chain efficiencies. It is, however, important to ensure effective planning and communications, as development and implementation of global IT systems are typically centred in different locations. Task 3 Potential hard and soft problems on IS strategic planning for MNC Socially beneficial goods or services include public education programs, recycling programs, and public health programs. Socially beneficial products are culturally or socially defined and vary with a countrys conditions. For example, consumption of fatty or oil-rich foods may be considered as harmful in many developed countries where too much of oil and fat is consumed. However, in some African countries where the diet is poor in fats, consumption of these foods may be, in fact, quite desirable. Products targeted at a specific segment of a market, such as disposable diapers, disposable dishes or other time-saving goods. Although these products are highly beneficial for working mothers, they have a negative impact on the environment. Products that could be harmful if abused, such as alcoholic beverages or firearms. Buyers often do not have a good knowledge of the potential dangers of these goods. Sellers, on the other hand, are aware, or should be aware of the risks and consequences of the misuse of these products. For example, marketing powdered milk in countries where water is not safe to drink, can endanger the lives of consumers. Inherently harmful products, such as cigarettes or opium. Socially beneficial goods or services include public education programs, recycling programs, and public health programs. Socially beneficial products are culturally or socially defined and vary with a countrys conditions. For example, consumption of fatty or oil-rich foods may be considered as harmful in many developed countries where too much of oil and fat is consumed. However, in some African countries where the diet is poor in fats, consumption of these foods may be, in fact, quite desirable. Products targeted at a specific segment of a market, such as disposable diapers, disposable dishes or other time-saving goods. Although these products are highly beneficial for working mothers, they have a negative impact on the environment. Products that could be harmful if abused, such as alcoholic beverages or firearms. Buyers often do not have a good knowledge of the potential dangers of these goods. Sellers, on the other hand, are aware, or should be aware of the risks and consequences of the misuse of these products. For example, marketing powdered milk in countries where water is not safe to drink, can endanger the lives of consumers. Inherently harmful products, such as cigarettes or opium. Ethics issues Ethical behavior in organizations Ethics deals with morality rules regarding behavior conduct. and In organizational set up, ethics can be defined as the rules or standards governing the conduct of individuals and organizations. Ethical philosophy There are three different ethical philosophies that individuals follow under different situations in an organizational set-up. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ These are- utilitarianism, individual rights, and justice. Organizations attempt to ensure that their employees behave ethically by using control systems The individual rights philosophy deals with safeguarding the rights of individuals, such as the right to be informed, right to free speech, right to free consent, the right to privacy, and the right to due process. Utilitarianism recommends that a course of action that achieves the greatest good for the greatest number of people is ethical Justice requires that the rules of the organization be enforced fairly and impartially. Individuals should be accountable only for factors which are under their control. Utilitarianism is the most commonly followed ethical philosophy Ethical decision ideology Ethical decision ideologies can be classified based on two dimensions: one is Idealism the belief that behaving ethically ensures positive results; and the other is Relativism the belief that moral values depend on circumstances. Based on these two dimensions, there are four classifications of ethical decision ideologies Absolutist, Exceptionist Situationist, and Subjectivist. Ethical decision ideologies Matrix An Absolutist believes in strictly following the universally accepted ethical principles. An Exceptionist refers to universally accepted ethical principles for broad guidance rather than for strict adherence. A Situationist takes a decision on a case to case basis by studying and comprehending the situation at hand. A Subjectivist prepare to abide by their respective individual ethical principles rather than adhering to universally accepted ethical principles Influencing factors of Ethics Individual factors Organizational factors: Culture and structure Performance measurement systems Reward systems Position related factors Individual factors Individuals with higher ego strengths will not depend on others for decisions making, whereas people with low ego strength will look to others for help in arriving at decisions Organizational culture The culture of an organization includes its values, belief systems, and norms. It is influenced by the behavior of the mangers or the top management of the organizations Performance measurement systems The top management of sears auto centers developed incentive systems to improve revenue performance, and set targets for their employees that were practically unachievable. The employees therefore resorted to unethical actions by indulging in unnecessary and incomplete repairs of vehicles and overcharging for services. Finally, consumers initiated legal proceedings against the organization Reward systems Reward system in many organizations tend to encourage unethical behavior like kickbacks. Also, some organizations tend to discourage and penalize whistleblowers; such punishment systems tend to further encourage unethical behavior. Reward systems should be integrated with the performance measurements systems. Position related factors These are peer pressure, the expectations of the top management regarding achievement of objectives, the presence or absence of a code of conduct, superior-subordinate relationships, extent of resource availability, etc., For example, employees of departments like marketing and purchase tend to face more ethical dilemmas Organizational factors If a specific ethical behavior is rewarded, employees will tend to continue behaving in that way. On the other hand, if any employee gets punished for a specific behavior, he and the others in the organization will not resort to that kind of behavior Influencing factors of Ethics External environmental factors political economical factors social factors Political and economical factors It include factors like government polices, tax structures, and the tariffs and duties levied on imports. Many organizations resort to bribing government officials to get contracts or licenses for businesses or to get into such transactions to stay in competitions. The case of Siemens AG officials routing organizational funds to an Italian energy company as bribes is an example of unethical behavior Social factors Giving the right information to customers regarding products and services is one of the major ethical considerations that organizations must keep in mind. Being ethical serves as a competitive advantage for organizations, as it helps them build up a good reputation and image for themselves. Johnson and Johnson- faced a serious crisis, when a few capsules of its popular medicine, Tylenol were found to be laced with cyanide. Integrated framework for ethical behavior When the ethical/unethical behavior of an individual is rewarded or punished, these decisions become a part of the employee s decision history and this further influences the decisions and behavior of the employees. MCA and Ethical issues Budgetary slack Managing earnings Ethical issues in sales Ethical issues in operations Ethical issues in Human Resources Budgetary slack Budgetary slack is a deliberate understatement of revenues and /or overstatement of expenses in the budget. Budgetary slack is caused by managerial intention rather than by an unforeseen error in the estimation process. The slack created by mangers may also be used for the organizations benefit during bad times Managing earnings Corrupt managers tend to mange earnings for personal benefits. They try to show higher earnings in order to show that budgeted targets have been achieved. In united states, the Sarbanes Oxley act was enacted to act as an external control system to restrict such practices. Ethical issues in sales The samples and gift adjustments in the pharmaceutical industry, where it is the practice to give samples of new products to doctors as a part of the sales promotion. These samples are given to the doctors so that they can try out the drug and also to help them in brand recall. Ethical issues in operations Consuming more resources, providing for greater lead times, or accepting relatively poor quality. Focuses only on gaining maximum profit at minimum costs without taking social responsibilities into consideration. Neglecting the safety of employees. Having unhealthy and dangerous working conditions and passing off confidential information Ethical issues in Human Resources Lack of Job security Increased risk of unemployment Excessive scrutiny and control Discrimination Absence of proper appraisal methods Sexual harassment Recruiting on contract basis Force them to work longer hours Regulating Ethical conduct Control activity Mechanism to regulate ethical conduct Indicating and communicating objectives Code of ethics Ethics committee Ethics training for employees Corporate governance focused on ethics Feedback through performance measurement systems Ethics committee System of whistle blowing Reward systems integrated with objectives accomplishment Reward systems focused on ethics Codes of Professional Conduct The utility principle and the golden rule are intended to be applicable to all ethical reasoning, in all contexts. For practical reasons professionals have found it convenient to supplement these with ethical rules, which address the specific needs of a specific profession. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Commitment to the ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct is expected of every member of the Association for Computing Machinery. British Computer Societ (BCS) The BCS Code of Conduct sets out the professional standards required by the Society as a condition of membership. In your professional role you I must not misrepresent my skills shall have regard for the public or knowledge. ~ ASM Code of Ethics. Health, safety and environment. (BCS Code of Conduct.) Avoid harm to others. (ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct.) You shall not claim any level of competence that you do not possess. You shall only offer to do work or provide a service that is within your professional competence. (BCS Code of Conduct.) Heuristic Methods Ethical behavior and unethical behavior of the Professional Conduct an recognize a solution to an ethical problem when he see it. It does notoffer much management on how to finding a solution when he is confronted with a new ethical problem. Heuristic methods have been proposed as a way of bridging this gap. Form an ethics committee of at least five persons. Frame a specific question that creates the desired ethical dilemma. Construct a scenario of about 150 words that will evoke the dilemma. Construct at least three persuasive arguments on each side of the question. Raise objections to these arguments. Make replies to these objections. Make counter-replies to these replies. Take a stand on the issue and reach a verdict. Paramedic Method Collect data systematically about the parties Analysis the data systematically for the alternatives. Try to negotiate a social contract agreement in an imaginary meeting where all the parties are represented. Judge each of the alternatives according to ethical theories. Data Accessibility Individual Efforts to Protect Privacy Find out what is stored about you in existing databases Be careful when you share information about yourself Be proactive to protect your privacy When purchasing anything from a Web site, make sure that you safeguard your credit card numbers, passwords, and personal information Corporate Privacy Policies Should address a customers knowledge, control, notice, and consent over storage and use of information ~ fairness of information use May cover who has access to private data and when it may be used A good database design practice is to assign a single unique identifier to each customer Fairness in Information Use You have access to the sales and customer information in a flower shop. You discover that the boyfriend of a woman you know is sending roses to three different other woman on a regular basis. The woman you know is on the flower list, but she believes that shes the only woman in his romantic life. You really think you should tell the woman. Your dilemma is that you have a professional responsibility to keep the companys information Health Concerns Occupational stress Repetitive stress injury (RSI) Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) Emissions from improperly maintained and used equipment Increase in traffic accidents due to drivers using cell phones, laptops, or other devices while driving Avoiding Health and Environment Problems Work stressors: hazardous activities associated with unfavorable conditions of a poorly designed work environment Ergonomics: science of designing machines, products, and systems to maximize safety, comfort, and efficiency of people who use them Employers, individuals, and hardware manufacturing companies can take steps to reduce RSI and develop a better work environment Avoiding Health and Environment Problems (continued) Research has shown that developing certain ergonomically correct habits can reduce the risk of RSI when using a computer

The Effects of the Scientific Revolution Essay - 1346 Words

History 208 Primary Source Paper â€Å"Scientific Revolution† 2.24.11 Nicholas Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, Francis Bacon and Joseph Needham. According to some excerpts from â€Å"Why Europe?† by Jack Gladstone and â€Å"China, Technology and Change† by Lynda Norene Shaffer, the work of these notable men can be traced back to having a significant role in the scientific focus of modern society, or what we now know to be the â€Å"Scientific Revolution† of the seventeenth century. In a world where we are desperately dependent on advancements in modern science, we rarely stop to think about what got us to this point. We all too often overlook many of the global events that ultimately helped develop a universal method for understanding and†¦show more content†¦The introduction of gunpowder in Europe made castles and other medieval fortifications obsolete and helped to liberate Western Europe from feudal aristocratic power. The compass facilitated voyages that lead to Atlantic Europe’s sole possession of t he Western Hemisphere and helped open up the first all-sea route from Western Europe to the ports of East Africa and Asia. China possessed all three of these technologies by the latter part of the Tang dynasty (618-906), between four and six hundred years before they appeared in Europe. It is stated in the document that historians are now beginning to use the term â€Å"revolution† when referring to technological and commercial changes that culminated in the Song dynasty, in the same way that they refer to the changes in eighteenth and nineteenth-century England as the Industrial Revolution. In this source document, I interpret that Shaffer’s objective is to inform the reader of the astounding technological advances brought to fruition by China and their impact on Europe, the â€Å"Scientific Revolution†, and the world as we know it today. I do not sense a form of bias in any direction. 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Myths of Aging - 1021 Words

Myths of Aging Leslie L. Sanderford GRO320 Instructor Peggy Allen June 13, 2011 Largest among the growing populations is the age group 65 and older. This course required us to complete Dr. Woolf’s myths of aging quiz. This quiz has 25 questions all about aging issues. In our textbook, â€Å"Adult Development and Aging,† Cavanaugh and Blanchard-Fields (2011) state, â€Å"Everyone does not grow old in the same way. Whereas most people tend to show usual patterns of aging that reflect the typical, or normative, changes with age, other people show highly successful aging in which few signs of change occur† (p. 16). An analysis of Dr. Woolf’s myths of aging quiz will show several different areas to consider in regards to the†¦show more content†¦They are both extremely mentally sharp as well as physically healthy. 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The most challenging part of aging I think for me will be the many years that I know I will need to continue working in order to provide for my family. This is one of the major rea sons why I am back at school finishing this degree, to hopefully make myself more marketable and increase my earning potential. Also challenging for me is worrying about mine and my husband’s health as we age and how to pay for healthShow MoreRelatedMyth on Aging Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many misconceptions when we talk about sex especially to old age generation. During the first day of class in HS 107, we talked about myths on aging. According to many people, they believed that â€Å"Majority of old people have no interest in, nor capacity for, sexual relations† (Facts on Aging Quiz). In our society, many people believe that older adults do not have sex when they reach the certain old age. 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Product Launching free essay sample

A discussion about factors which need to be considered before launching a new product. Developing and introducing a new product requires several marketing considerations. This paper presents the many negative factors to product development that must be dealt with. It also examines several factors that promote successful product development. Finally, product positioning and pricing are also shown to be important considerations. Microsoft and Apple-Macintosh are used as examples. One of the negative factors is uncertainty. This is especially true if the product is not only a new product for the organization but also a new product for the industry. One example that shows this is the computer software industry. The uncertainty is present because of its nature as a new and pioneering industry. The industry is rapidly changing and companies in the industry must be continually innovative and make decisions based on limited information. There is no certainty in this industry that a successful company will remain successful. We will write a custom essay sample on Product Launching or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To give an example, we can consider Apple-Macintosh. Apple-Macintosh had first-mover advantages as the first to develop a graphical user interface and their technology was ahead of Microsofts, yet despite this Microsoft became the market leader. This is an example of how the maker of the best product is not necessarily the market leader in emerging industries (Burke, Condron, Conroy, Knol Nolan.) The second negative is the high cost of product development. The high cost means that organizations developing new products need to get a return on investment that justifies this high cost.